Both measurements took place on typical roads in spring 2019. The objectives of the study were: (1) to obtain the sL and θ values of paved roads separately using the AP-42 and TRAKER methods; (2) to explore the relationship between the two methods; and …

Addendum to Emission Factor Documentation for AP-42 Section 11.2.5 and 11.2.6 (Now 13.2.1) Paved Roads Final Report For U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Emission Factor and Inventory Group Research Triangle Park, NC 277 11 Ann: Mr. Ron Myers (MD-14) EPA Contract 68-D2-0159 Work Assignment No. 4-02

What is the silt loading value (for paved roads) or the silt content (for unpaved roads)? For the purposes of determining haul road emissions, silt is defined as particles equal to or less than 75 micrometers (μm) in physical diameter. Silt loading is defined in AP-42 as "the mass of silt-size material per unit area of travel surface" and ...

PMlO emissions were calculated using default USEPA methods from AP-42 Section 13. Silt sampling was conducted at roads to provide for more accurate PMl 0 emissions estimates. Silt loading averaged about 4.1 g/m2 on the paved road, and 54.9 g/m2 on the unpaved Main Haul Road.

trols (i.e., sweeping, use of anti-icing solutions, paved shoulders, and track-out prevention) for reducing PM 10 emissions. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS TRAKER Measurements TRAKER provides vehicle-based, real-time measurement of road dust PM EFs. It was developed as an alternative to silt loading measurements prescribed in the EPA AP-42 guidance document.

AP-42 method and its associated road surface sampling. In addition, the plume flux profiling method, which was the basis for development of the AP-42 emission factor equation for public paved roads, was used to calibrate the mobile monitoring technology. Two versions of the mobile monitoring technology were tested—TRAKER and SCAMPER.

Emission Factor Documentation for AP-42, Section …：AP-42,…

Figure 1.4 24 Sample Sites for the AP-42 Method (James, 2007).....7 Figure 1.5 The AP-42 Method Adopted in a Study for the Las Vegas Valley.....8 Figure 2.1 Illustration of Plots and Dust Data Points on a Road Segment 17

AP-42 Length of Haul Road (miles): Haul Road lb/vmt UNPAVED HAUL ROAD SPREADSHEET PAVED HAUL ROAD SPREADSHEET Please fill in the yellow boxes and the spreadsheet will calculate the emissions. VALUES EQUATION The emission factor is taken from Equation 1a in AP-42, 13.2.2, Unpaved Roads. Emission Factor Pollutant PM-2.5 PM-10 SOURCE OF EMISSION ...

the facility may have unpaved roads that are only travelled by light vehicles. If this is the case, you may use the USEPA's equation 1b from for public unpaved roads travelled mostly by light-duty vehicles with mean vehicle weights less than 2.7 tonnes (AP 42, Chapter 13: …

Silt Loading Section 13.2.1 Paved Roads from AP 42 will be used, consistent with the Regional analysis from xx. Emission factors for road and construction dust should be added to the emission factors generated for each link by MOVES. Ex. Silt loading – Freeways .02 g/m^2, Arterials >10,000 ADT .067g/m^2, Low traffic roads <10,000 ADT .23g/m^2.

EPA's latest changes to section 13.2.1, Paved Roads, of AP-42 attempt to correct two of the discrepancies of earlier versions of the section: the double counting of re-entrained road dust with vehicle tailpipe emissions, brake and tire wear, and the failure of earlier versions of the

AP-42 provide empirical procedures for estimating overall haul road particulate releases from both paved and unpaved surfaces. In general, the particulate emissions are proportional to the number of vehicle miles traveled, road surface silt conditions, vehicle speed, and vehicle weight. Haul road dust that is generated will contain several trace

Abstract. Based on emission factors derived from the AP-42 algorithm, particulate matter from paved roads has been estimated to be a major source of PM 10 of geologic origin. This is an empirical formula based on upwind-downwind measurement of PM 10 concentrations and is dependent solely on the silt loading of the pavement and the weight of vehicles. A number of upwind-downwind studies ...

• PM10 emissions factors are calculated using the USEPA AP-42 and the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook Dirt Road Emissions • Unpaved road travel will be minimized by routing equipment via the shortest unpaved road distance • All equipment operating is estimated to travel a maximum of 3 miles a day on unpaved roads.

These spreadsheets use emission factors from the latest version of EPA's AP-42 Volume 1 for Stationary Sources. Emission test results may provide more accurate emission estimates and should be considered for use. It may be acceptable to use previous valid source specific test results, or testing that the process equipment's manufacturer ...

AP-42 currently contains two sections concerning paved road fugitive emissions. The first, Section 11.2.5, is entitled "Urban Paved Roads" and was first drafted in 1984 using test results from public paved roads. 2 Emission factors are given in the form of

Paved Road Dust AP-42, Chapter 13: EPA's guidance and methodology to analyze paved road dust. ARB Paved Road Dust: ARB's statewide method to analyze pave road dust. Other References. Streamlining Air Quality Dispersion Modeling to Support Quantitative Particulate Matter Hot-Spot Analysis (PDF) This report is a compilation of work products ...

Source: AP-42 Fifth Edition – 11.2.6 Industrial Paved Roads E = 0.077 × I × (4 ÷ n) × (s ÷ 10) × (L ÷ 1000) × (W ÷ 3)0.7 = lb/Vehicle Mile Traveled (VMT) Where: I = Industrial augmentation factor (dimensionless) n = Number of traffic lanes s = Surface meterial silt content (%) ...

The draft AP-42 section presents the paved road surface loading values together with the city, state, road name, collection date (samples collected from the same road during the same month are averaged), road ADT if reported, classi- fication of the roadway, etc. Readers of AP-42 are invited to review the data base and to select values that ...

to paved road dust sources. The current EPA AP-42 emission factors for paved roads (January 2011) include only the resuspension of loose material on the road surface as the source of dust. According to the AP-42, "resuspended particulate emissions from paved roads originate from, and result in the

Section 11.2 of AP-42 currently provides open dust source emission factors for paved and unpaved roads, agricultural tilling, aggregate storage piles and heavy construction operations. Because of the recognized importance of open dust sources, largely de- termined from recent receptor-oriented investigations of source culpability, the rate of ...

Based on sampling and laboratory analyzing silt loading of 82 city roads and 56 suburb paved roads in Beijing, we using AP-42 emission factor model studied emission characteristics of paved road fugitive dust, and analyzed two methods to determine silt loading of different roads. The results show th …

The AP-42 emission factor equation used to estimate paved road dust emissions for PM. 10. is provided below, followed by a description of the inputs to the equation: [1] E=[k(sL) 0.91 1.02x (W) ] x (1-P/4N) Where: E=the particulate emission factor in units of pounds of particulate matter per VMT, k=the U.S. [EPA AP-42 particle size multiplier ...

AP 42 Section 13.2.2 Unpaved Roads - Related Information. Paved Roads, Unpaved Roads, Aggregate Handling and Storage, and Industrial W ind Erosion - November 2006. Policy Guidance on the Use of the November 1, 2006, Update to AP-42 for Re-entrained Road Dust for SIP Development and T ransportation Conformity (PDF 255K)

24 of soil feed on unpaved and paved roads, respectively, were assumed to be 8.4% (the value for a 25 western surface-coal-mining haul road in AP-42, Table 13.2.2-1) and 5.5% (the value for a paved 26 road in a concrete-batching plant in AP-42, Table 13.2.1-1). Emissions of paniculate matter less O 1 Draft Document 12/11/97

AP 42, Fifth Edition, Volume I Chapter 13: Miscellaneous Sources : ... Paved Roads : Final Section - January 2011 (PDF 400K) ... Unpaved Roads : Final Section - November 2006 (PDF 350K) Background Document for Revisions to Fine Fraction Ratios Used for AP-42 Fugitive Dust Emission Factors - November 2006 (PDF 444K ...

emission factor handbook (AP-42). In recent years, there has been increasing dissatisfaction with EPA's traditional AP-42 methodology for estimating re-entrained dust emission factors for paved road networks. The AP-42 methodology uses a predictive emission factor equation with specific input parameters. .

surface material by vehicle travel on paved roads (entrained paved road dust) are computed using the emission factor equation in the Final Section of the U.S. EPA's January 2011 AP-42, Fifth Edition, Volume 1, Chapter 13.2.1. [1] The methodology does not include directly emitted motor vehicle emissions (exhaust, brake or tire wear), nor

database, AP-42, summarizes paved road dust emission factors and methods developed in the early 1990s and has been critically evaluated in the literature.4–7AP-42 recom-mends collecting site-specific silt loading measurements from local roadways as a surrogate for estimating PM 10 road dust emission potential. Silt loading is the mass of

2.4.1 Paved Road Emission Calculations Emissions from fuel delivery truck traffic on the proposed on-site paved road were estimated using Equation 2 from Chapter 13.2.1 of the 5th Edition of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) AP-42 (Paved Roads):1 𝐸=[𝑘(𝑠 )0.91×𝑊1.02]×(1− 𝑃 4 )

AP-42 equation for unpaved roads that has silt content as an independent variable, the SCAMPER approach directly measures emissions and does not depend on independent variables. The approach is therefore as valid for unpaved roads as for paved roads. This SCAMPER has six major components:

Representative soil was evenly applied to an 800-m section of road surface. The test area was of sufficient length to allow for measurement at constant speeds of up to 72 km hr−1. SCAMPER and TRAKER™ mobile measurement vehicles made repeated test runs while an instrumented tower measured upwind-downwind horizontal PM10 flux. AP-42 methods were used to …

for a collector road to 0.129 g/VKT (0.000465 lbs./VMT) for an arterial road. These are on the low end of measurements that have previously been made based on the less precise upwind-downwind approach and significantly lower than the AP-42 factors based on default silt loadings.

These new methods for estimating road dust emission factors for paved and unpaved roads are being incorporated in EPA's document AP-42. These new AP-42 methodologies (AP-42, Sections 13.2.1, Paved Roads and 13.2.2, Unpaved Roads, each dated December 2003) replace previous methods for estimating re-entrained road dust emissions for these ...

2.2 REVIEW OF CURRENT PAVED ROAD EMISSION FACTORS AP-42 currently contains two sections concerning paved road fugitive emissions. The first, Section 11.2.5, is entitled "Urban Paved Roads" and was first drafted in 1984 using test results from public paved roads.* Emission factors are given in the form of the following equation: E = k (~U0.5)'

The paved road emissions model in AP-42 is based on the intuitively appealing idea that PM 10 emissions from paved roads are primarily caused by resuspension of material deposited on the road. Then, a motor vehicle is likely to resuspend more PM from a dusty road than a clean road.

are provided in AP-42 Appendices C.1 and C.2. The surface sL provides a reasonable means of characterizing seasonal variability in a paved road emission inventory. In many areas of the country, road surface loadings 11-21 are heaviest during the late winter and early spring months when the residual loading from snow/ice controls is greatest. As ...